The abundance of high-tech building materials and various design solutions make it possible to create combined houses made of stone and wood, the projects of which combine the ecological compatibility of the natural massif and the strength of a brick. The customer of such buildings receives an aesthetic and affordable construction.
Combined houses at the current stage of market development are one of the quick options built a modern country house with a limited budget. Visual and functional characteristics are not inferior to more expensive projects.
History of combined houses
The first mentions of using combined materials in the construction of houses date back to the 15th century, when stone and wood houses first appeared in the northern and mountainous regions.
The European tradition in the construction of combined houses is half-timbered dwellings that were built in Eastern Europe and Scandinavia.
A distinctive feature of such buildings is the construction of a massive wooden frame, which is then filled with natural stone.
The combination of a good stone foundation (or basement) and bright elements of natural wood not only looks aesthetically pleasing, but also allows you to create a durable dwelling that endures harsh weather conditions. In medieval Austria and Germany, half-timbered houses were often used for urban buildings.
The chalet is a variant of combined houses that is common in the mountainous suburbs of Europe. It is believed that the Alps became the birthplace of the chalet, and the first houses of this style were built by shepherds. In the period of the XVI-XVII centuries, sturdy and spacious buildings, easily accommodating several generations of families, were made of stone and wood, the exterior decoration was made of limestone. Unlike the half-timbered houses, the roof of the chalet was rather low and sloping, thanks to which the interior was reliably protected from the weather. The upper floors of the house were erected from a massive pine timber, which eventually darkened, giving the appearance of the dwelling an even more magnificent appearance.
Modern construction of combined houses of timber and brick, with all the diversity of technologies did not undergo significant changes. The foundation and the basement are still stone constructions, the frame is still made of solid wooden boards, and the exterior finish often imitates traditional plaster.
Features of the chalet combined houses on video:
Features of the combination of materials when building the combined houses
Modern combined houses are made of various modifications of stone or concrete on the first floor, and wood - on the second.
Traditionally, the ground floor is made of natural or artificial stone, foam or gas blocks, monolithic reinforced concrete structures, bricks and even a frame-panel structure. The latter option belongs to the category of economy class, and has reduced strength, so that the construction of buildings above 3 floors is unacceptable. The first floor of the combined houses of the middle price category is used to house the household rooms: kitchen, boiler room, garage. If the owners are planning the design of the fireplace, then it is also recommended to be placed on the first floor.
Living rooms are traditionally located on the second and third floors, made of natural wood. Popular materials for fireproofing and anti-corrosion treatment of wood retain a pleasant appearance and functionality of the material. Therefore, finishing work is most often limited to covering the walls with transparent varnish, as well as installing additional decorative elements.
Common material combinations for similar houses
The combination of a reinforced concrete structure, trimmed with stone, at the base of the house where the basement is arranged and the superstructure of a rounded log. This combination not only looks respectable, but also ensures the durability and environmental friendliness of the entire building. Houses made of logs and stone are the most durable and expensive construction option.
A more aesthetic and expensive option - a combination of a smooth bar and a brick base located on a strip or slab foundation. The large weight of the final design implies serious investments in the device of the slab or the strip structure of the foundation. Such houses are suitable for construction on heaving soils, and when creating a slab base the housing will withstand the construction near water bodies.
The budget version of the construction of a combined house is a combination of foam blocks and natural wood. Such materials suggest a thorough finishing of the first floor, taking into account the additional waterproofing required for the use of blocks.
Projects of such combined houses are most in demand in the modern market due to their affordable price and durability.
Design and construction of combined houses
A distinctive feature of such projects is a combination of solid stone walls of the first floor and an attic made of lighter materials. Therefore, even though a full-fledged foundation will be needed here, the loads on it will be lower than during the construction of a two-story stone house. Given that the foundation is almost a third of the budget, the savings can be tangible. In addition, wood often does not require additional finishing, so cladding materials for the second floor may not be needed.
The combined technology significantly reduces the time for shrinkage of the finished home: it is recommended to “seat” a fully wooden house up to 2 years to avoid deformation of the finishing materials. It is possible to move into houses with a stone basement after the completion of construction work, having finished only the first floor for living.
Additional savings in the construction of combined houses is a small expenditure on thermal insulation. Unlike a brick house, the combined one requires a smaller amount of thermal insulation materials. Unlike a completely wooden dwelling, a house combining both materials does not require careful treatment with water-repellent compounds.
As a result In addition to an affordable price and a pleasant appearance, the owner of the combined house receives the optimum construction from a technological point of view, in which the materials are used "in their place." The wood sensitive to moisture is removed from the ground, and the fireproof stone, which is uncomfortable for living (without proper finishing), is used for building “technical” rooms.
The visual characteristics of the finished building are an additional “bonus” when choosing a combined home. Natural wood looks solid and aesthetically pleasing, and the plastered plinth gives the whole building a respectable look. Modern finishing materials allow you to arrange the front part in the same style, and preserving the "unity of opposites" in the combination of stone and wood.
Clearly about the design and construction of a combined house on video:
Advantages and disadvantages of the technology of combined houses
The main advantage of choosing a combined Houses made of stone and wood are its durability, resistance to external influences. Thanks to the stone first floor, the building is less destroyed by moisture, and the wooden superstructure better retains heat.
The aesthetic qualities of the finished building will delight lovers of stylized buildings, extensive panoramic windows and simply original architectural solutions.
The total cost of such housing is often lower than the cost of building a simple wooden or stone house due to the most efficient use of materials, which reduces the cost of their processing.
A separate floor, built of stone, makes it possible to separate utility rooms from residential ones. Thus, the house is divided into common and private areas, which increases the comfort of living.
The main feature of the construction of such houses, often attributable to drawbacks, is the need for precise adherence to construction technologies. For example, for a combination of wood and stone, you need to build durable steel pins in the masonry and ensure a high level of waterproofing.
It should also be borne in mind that chalets can be built for both budget and VIP projects. In the latter case, the first floor will be massive and its construction will require specialized equipment and highly skilled construction teams. The top level of the cost of such a house will be limited only by the imagination and capabilities of the customer.
Budget options for combined houses
Options to save money, Using the technology of building combined houses, there are two.
Reducing the area of the final building will reduce the cost of construction and finishing materials. For example, the weight of the house itself will be small, so it does not require a complex foundation.Miniature houses do not need a powerful heating system, careful site preparation and design of a large-scale foundation.
A more risky option is to save on building materials. It is strongly recommended to consult with experts, architects, designers, before choosing a more affordable project housing. In general, the choice of cheaper materials for the first floor of the house will help to reduce the cost of construction: for example, aerocrete or frame construction will save owners a lot of money.
Construction stages and prices of turnkey combined houses
Ordering a turnkey house consists of several basic steps.
The initial stage is the preparation of a design project of the future housing, taking into account all the wishes of the client. As a rule, ready-made projects are used, adapted to the requirements of a specific customer.
The agreed project is transferred to the work of the construction team. First of all, a foundation is built for the future home, taking into account all the peculiarities of the soil. Common options are strip and slab foundations, suitable for most soils.
Walls of brick, blocks or stone are built on the finished foundation, forming the basement of the building. At the end of this stage, overlaps are installed on which the floor of the second floor will be laid.
The walls of dwellings, which are traditionally located above the stone basement, are erected from a rounded log or glued timber. At the same time it is necessary to install metal pins so that the wood fits snugly and securely to the stone base.
Having completed the construction of the walls, they proceed to the installation of the roof, as well as the provision of insulation materials to the house . The final stage of the actual construction work is the installation of the roof of the roof.
The finished building is equipped with engineering communications, as well as external and internal finishing works.
Before ordering a turnkey house construction, it is necessary to choose a reliable company that can not only quickly, but also qualitatively perform work with all the technological features of the building.
Also, about building a combined house on video:
Depending on the area, materials and reputation of the developer, the cost of building a turnkey can start from 2 million rubles (combined houses of foam blocks and wood, the size of the building 10x8 meters, the area of housing - 140 square meters). Dwellings of comfort or luxury class, equipped with attic rooms, extensive verandas, garages and spacious staircases, can cost up to 4 million rubles. In general, the upper limit of the cost of housing depends only on the imagination of customers and selected materials.
Typical projects of combined houses
Most modern suburban real estate owners prefer to build houses on the basis of already agreed standard projects. The necessary changes are made at the stage of coordination of the architectural project with the specialists of the company.
On our website you can familiarize yourself with the most popular projects of combined houses from construction companies represented at the exhibition of Low-Rise Country houses.
Combined houses Chalets
A classic combined house made of stone and wood in the modern sense of the chalet - with a sloping roof, second floor of wood, and light plaster stone base.
Combined houses made of stone and wood
A traditional, durable and very respectable appearance - dwellings made of wood and stone, pleasing the owners with a combination of strength, pleasant microclimate and natural materials.
Combined houses made of bricks and wood
A brick base looks more interesting visually, besides, such dwellings do not require external finishing, which saves the owners time and financial resources.
Economical housing projects from foam blocks and wood
The popular construction option on the Russian market is durable and economical projects of foam blocks and wood. A wide variety of finishing materials allows you to create almost any appearance of a similar building.
Conclusion
Combined houses are an original and durable option for creating a suburban home. Nontrivial appearance, optimum use of wood and stone from the point of view of technology, as well as low cost contribute to the wide distribution of this technology of execution.
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