The foundation of the Finnish technology: advantages and disadvantages, the area of ​​use, the subtleties of the device

Construction technologies are developing very quickly. Insulated Finnish foundation in recent years is increasingly used for the construction of buildings. The procedure is carried out as soon as possible, since the filling can be abandoned. The Finnish base is a standard floor with hard bedding based on sand and gravel. In this case, the coupler can be easily separated by applying a foam board panel.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Finnish Plates

The Finnish foundation has its strengths and weaknesses. This basis is often used by Russian specialists. Its parameters allow you to prevent possible complications in the construction of buildings.

The Finnish slab-foundation has the following advantages:

1. Good economy, for its construction will require a minimum amount of materials.
2. The plates are very comfortable to use.
3. The base plate is not bearing, all pressure will be transmitted to the tape part of the base.
4. There is a possibility of arranging various types of floor, such as water or electric.
5. The complexity of the process of arranging the foundation is as low as possible.
6. The basis will be an excellent solution for complex reliefs, for example, on uneven ground with slopes and drops.

But this type of foundation has certain weaknesses. These include:

1. The need to dig a pit.
2. It will be necessary to perform the procedure for filling the trench and the perimeter of the building.
3. It will be necessary to use nonmetallic materials.
4. The help of special equipment will be required, it will not be possible to handle it personally.

The use of a warmed Finnish base is much more expensive than the use of Swedish plates. The cost is directly affected by the height of the basement and the level of laying the base strip.

You can learn more about the insulated Finnish foundation from this video:

Features of the insulated Swedish plate

This technology is a structure trough on the basis of polyfoam which has excellent strength indicators. The design is a solid structure with attached formwork, which serves the purpose of the drainage system and is located on a tamped sand and gravel pad. After that, the installation of frame grid on the basis of reinforcing bars is carried out, this will allow the laying of communications for future construction. Then the reinforcement is poured with concrete and the surface is polished using various tools.

The advantages of this technology include:

1. The slab is built fairly quickly, while caring for it is not particularly complex.
2. All communications for the home will be ready in advance.
3. The drainage system will already be equipped.
4. Excellent heat capacity.

On our website you can find contacts of construction companies that offer the service of repair and design of the foundation . Directly to communicate with representatives, you can visit the exhibition of houses "Low-rise Country".

The Swedish plate has weaknesses, among which:

1. The soil will need to be prepared in advance, it must be carefully leveled.
2. Such technology cannot be applied on soil with a high content of peat.
3. Installation of communications may cause complications, so it is best to contact a specialist.
4. Such an option cannot be called economical.

The Swedish plate has its pros and cons. When choosing it, you will need to take into account a number of certain factors: the type of soil, the financial component, the preferences of the developer.

Comparison of the Finnish and Swedish plates

The insulated Finnish base is often used to level the various drawbacks that are encountered when using Swedish plates, such as a low base. Many experts argue that a low base can have a negative impact on the entire construction. There is a possibility that it may be swept away with snow. Also, Swedish technology is quite expensive, requires the use of special equipment and the help of professionals.

A larger number of earth procedures will be needed for the Swedish foundation than for the Finnish basis. But at the same time, the Swedish system will include drainage and communication systems, electrical wiring, underfloor heating. Also, the plates will be immediately ready to install a clean coating.

It should be borne in mind that the arrangement of the Swedish foundation will require some knowledge and experience. The Finnish technology, on the contrary, is simple and even a beginner in the construction craft can handle it. Such a basis can have excellent quality indicators and last for many years.

Area of ​​use of the Finnish plates

The Finnish basis will become the excellent decision for buildings without a socle. Underfloor heating is usually used in the following cases:

• When building on complex terrain. Insulation and installation of the drainage and the underlying layer of non-metallic components will completely eliminate swelling.
• With a high level of deep waters. In this case, insulation based on polystyrene foam will help to preserve all the characteristics even with full immersion in water. A layer of waterproofing protects the concrete from getting wet and pressure water.
• Lateral movements of the soil. In this case, you will need to use a filling based on inert materials.

The device of the warmed Finnish base

The popular warmed Finnish foundation, the technology of which is quite simple, has a number of features. For the proper installation of such a basis, it is necessary to perform certain procedures, the quality of the foundation will depend on them. The procedure is as follows:

1. To begin, you will need to choose a place where construction work will be carried out.
2. When choosing a construction site, it is necessary to take into account the type of relief and its features.
3. The terrain is being marked. It should be done with a margin of about 50 cm.
4. The fertile soil layer is removed.
5. The excavation is dug out with a depth equal to the level of a sand cushion and suitable for bedding.
6. A drainage system is being installed.
7. A waterproofing layer is installed under the pillow and reinforced.
8. Formwork is being installed.
9. All communications are carried out.
10. The slab section is being poured.

All these works should be done with great responsibility, since the quality of the foundation depends on them and the whole building. In the event of any possible complications, it is best to immediately seek the help of specialists.

Marking and tearing out of the excavation

When marking the Finnish basis, you need to take into account the same factors as when building a shallow strip base:

• You need to take into account the distance to the neighboring territory, roadway, external communications.
• The marking is done using special pegs. Between them, stretched tape or cord.

It might be interesting! In the article on the following link read about calculator monolithic foundation slab.

Construction on the fertile soil layer is strictly prohibited, since it will certainly shrink over several years. It will need to be completely removed. Also along the perimeter you will need to dig trenches, when choosing the size of which you need to consider the following nuances:

• The width of the tape at the foot should be about 0.6-0.8 m.
• Insulation size under the blind area will vary from 0.6 to 1.2 m.

The powdery soil cannot be used for backfilling, so usually it is removed from the construction site. Pits burst under all bearing walls, including internal ones.

Arrangement of the drainage system

Drainage will be placed around the perimeter of the tape at the level of the lower part, for its installation it will not be necessary to expand the pit. But you will need to deepen the bottom of the pit by 50 cm. The drainage process is as follows:

1. In all trenches, a slope is created in the general direction from 4 to 7 degrees.
2. Non-metallic material is laid on geotextiles. Layers should be 10 cm thick, each of them carefully tamped.
3. The sole is waterproofed using rolled material. It is laid in several layers on the sides.

In some cases, the drainage system can be abandoned. It is used only in case of high groundwater levels.

Waterproofing performance

Only bulk waterproofing can provide good performance and long life. When installing permanent formwork, the side parts of the base will remain without adequate protection. In this regard, it is recommended to use penetrating additives when mixing concrete solution.

Waterproofing is laid only along the outer perimeter of the base. It is best to use a build-up or glued version of the material. If a removable formwork is used, the base can be treated with epoxy mastics or lined with rolled glass glass. The combination of these methods will ensure the lifetime of the structure for 70-80 years.

Filling Plates

With a plate thickness of 10-15 cm and no heavy loads on design, one reinforcing belt will be sufficient.Since the base tape is a grid, the design provides for several separate screeds in different rooms. So the fill at one time can be made without any problems. The concreting procedure is as follows:

1. The nodes for entering communications are bookmarked, if they were not carried out prematurely.
2. Concrete is being laid from the corner. Sealing is performed using a special vibrator.
3. During drying, it is recommended to cover the surface with foil to protect it from wind and precipitation. Also, it will need to periodically moisturize.

The budget version of the Finnish foundation

You can set the ribbon type for the help of pure concrete structures, and with various additives, such as slags. When creating a columnar base, one-piece red brick or concrete mixes with a buta content are used. Such solutions can be made independently, while it will be reliable and high quality. To create a plate composition does not require very expensive materials, all components are cheap. This nuance is a significant advantage, which will help to save money when building a building.

Modern Finnish technology will help build the base and the building itself in the shortest possible time. A significant minus of such structures can be considered a large complex of works that requires a lot of effort. In Finland, shield panels based on CIP panels are a common solution. For their construction will not need a reinforcement procedure. Such a solution will allow a good saving on the installation of formwork and pouring of the concrete solution.

Also a good option is a monolithic structure on which foam or gas concrete slabs will be supported. But with such a choice, the ribbon base may freeze slightly. This will be possible due to the lack of connection between the heat insulator and the blind area material. When backfilling rubble with the installation of a drainage system, this factor will have a minimal effect on the quality of construction.

It might be interesting! In the article on the following link, read about how to properly build the foundation of a house with a basement.

Total

The construction of a warmed Finnish foundation is an excellent solution for a modern private building. Taking into account compliance with all technologies, the construction will last for many years. In this case, you can build such a foundation pretty quickly. To achieve better quality it is better to use the services of professionals.

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